Effect of preoperative anemia on blood transfusion in patients with acute craniocerebral injury
术前贫血对急性颅脑损伤手术术中输血患者的影响探讨

摘要

目的 对临床术中换血急性颅脑患者术前贫血对术后转归的影响进行探讨。方法 对我院2019年1月至2023年3月减入院进行颅脑手术术中输血患者297例进行回顾性分析，纳入本次研究患者为168例，根据术前贫血与否将所有患者划分为贫血组（n=48）和非贫血组（n=120），详细统计分析了两组患者的临床资料、术中输血、术后住院天数、住院死亡率等相关数据。结果 本次研究案例中急性颅脑手术患者术前贫血的发生率达到16.16%；两组患者相比较在术中出血量、输红细胞量、术后24小时血小板计数等各项指标方面存在明显差异，P<0.05，在术后住院天数、术后ICU停留时间方面相比较两组无明显差异，P>0.05，与非贫血组相比较，贫血组住院死亡率明显更高，差异显著，P<0.05。结论 急性颅脑术中输血患者住院死亡率会受到术前贫血、术前并发脑疝等相关因素的影响；如患者存在术前贫血症状会导致术中输血量、输红细胞量明显增强，对ICU停留时间以及术后住院天数不会产生明显变化。

Abstract

Objective To investigate the effect of preoperative anemia on postoperative outcome of acute craniocerebral patients undergoing intraoperative blood exchange.
Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on 297 patients who were admitted to our hospital from January 2019 to March 2023 for intraoperative blood transfusion, and 168 patients were included in this study. All patients were divided into anemia group (n=120) and non-anemia group (n=48) according to whether they were anemic before surgery. The clinical data, intraoperative blood transfusion, postoperative hospitalization days, in-hospital mortality and other related data of the two groups were analyzed in detail.
Results The incidence of anemia in patients with acute craniocerebral surgery was 16.16%. There were significant differences between the two groups in intraoperative blood loss, red blood cell transfusion, platelet count 24 hours after surgery and other indicators (P<0.05). There were no significant differences between the two groups in postoperative hospitalization days and postoperative ICU stay (P>0.05). Compared with the non-anemia group, the hospitalization mortality in the anemia group was significantly higher, with significant differences. P<0.05.
Conclusion   The in-hospital mortality of patients with acute craniocerebral transfusion is affected by preoperative anemia, cerebral hernia and other related factors. If the patient has preoperative anemia symptoms, the amount of intraoperative blood transfusion and red blood cell transfusion will be significantly increased, and the length of ICU stay and postoperative hospitalization will not be significantly changed.